Advent 4 - Mary and the Incarnation

 

Homily for Advent 4

Mary and the Incarnation

December 22, 2024

 

            It is often said that behind every great man is a great woman, and such is the case with Jesus Christ and His Mother, Mary. We can’t speak about the Incarnation without bringing up her essential role in bringing the Word-Made-Flesh into space-and-time. In particular, God prepared Mary for this role in four major ways.

            First, she is called the theotokos – the Mother of God. But this title of Mary wasn’t without controversy. In the early 400s, a priest named Nestorius began to declare that Mary couldn’t be called Mother of God, because wouldn’t that seem to imply that she was greater than God? After all, God is outside of time and doesn’t need to be born – how can we call her the Mother of God?

            The Church met at the Council of Ephesus to discuss this question – can we call Mary the Mother of God, if God is not born? They had to make an important distinction about Jesus. Jesus has two natures, but is only one Person. Do mothers give birth to a nature or to a person? Clearly, it’s to a person. When a mom gives birth, the doctor doesn’t hold up the child and declare, “It’s a human being!” Of course it is! But who is it? Is it a boy or a girl, is it Johnny or Sally? So they declared that Mary gave birth to the person of Jesus, not just to His human nature. And the Person of Jesus is both God and Man. Therefore it is right to call her “Mother of God”. Interestingly, when news of this decision reached the ears of the people of Ephesus, they began to party in the streets, declaring again and again, “Mary Theotokos! Mary Theotokos!” The good Christians already knew – Mary is the mother of God.

            Second, God prepared Mary for this task through her Perpetual Virginity. She never shared her body with anyone – her womb was His alone. Even though it wasn’t officially declared until the seventh century, it was always believed, even from the earliest days of the Church.

            But wait! There are Bible passages that speak about Jesus’ brothers and sisters. How can that be? There are two possible explanations. First, there is no Greek word for cousins or other blood relatives that aren’t siblings. So, the Gospel writers may have meant that Jesus’ relatives, but not actual siblings, are referenced here. There is also an ancient tradition that St. Joseph was much older than Mary, and that he was a widower but had children from his first marriage. These children would have been half-brothers of Jesus. So regardless of how they are referenced, we know that Jesus was the only child of Mary, because the temple of her body was reserved for Him alone.

            Third, God prepared Mary by allowing her to be conceived without Original Sin, which we call the Immaculate Conception. Consider – if you could create your own parents, wouldn’t you create them perfect? Of course! How could Jesus dwell in a heart that was opposed to Him through sin? Thus, for Christ to dwell a few inches below the Immaculate Heart of Mary, He would need that heart and soul to be perfectly clean, without even the slightest stain of sin.

            In February of 1858, a young shepherd girl named Bernadette was gathering some sticks for her family’s fireplace, when a wind rustling the trees made her look up. To her surprise, hovering in a small cave a short distance away was a beautiful woman dressed in white. The girl asked this strange apparition, “Who are you?” The woman replied, “I am the Immaculate Conception.”

            News of this strange phenomenon began to spread, until the parish priest called her in for questioning. He demanded, “Who is it that you saw?” She replied, “I do not know who it was; she called herself ‘the Immaculate Conception’.” The priest asked, “Do you know what that means?” But Bernadette, being uneducated, had no idea what that meant. The priest was shocked that this uneducated girl had just called Mary by a title that she didn’t even understand! Clearly, she was truly seeing Our Lady, and to this day Lourdes, France is a popular pilgrimage destination where people honor Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception.

            Finally, Our Lord could not leave His mother’s body to suffer the anguish of the tomb, so we profess as Catholics that at the end of her earthly life, He took her body and soul to Heaven without death. This is called the Assumption. After Christ ascended into Heaven, Mary went to live with St. John who soon moved from Jerusalem to Ephesus. There she lived for about fifteen more years, and when the time came for her to end her earthly life, the Holy Spirit miraculously inspired all of the Apostles to gather in Ephesus to say goodbye to their spiritual mother. According to tradition, she fell asleep peacefully, and they bore her body to a tomb that they had prepared. But there was one Apostle who hadn’t made it there in time – St. Thomas, who was preaching the Gospel in India, which is quite a distance. So when he returned, she was already in the tomb. In great grief, he went by himself to the tomb and was surprised to see that the stone was off of it, and the body of the Blessed Virgin was being taken directly into Heaven. According to the tradition, Our Lady’s belt dropped down into his hands, so we still have it, and it is still venerated in India. How fitting that she who was not touched by Original Sin would not have to suffer death, which is a consequence of Original Sin!

            During Advent and Christmas, we often focus on Mary – as Elizabeth does in the Gospel today. But Mary’s entire being is to point the way to Jesus. Immediately after Elizabeth praises her in the Gospel, Mary launches into her Magnificat – a beautiful song of praise of God: “My soul magnifies the Lord, my spirit rejoices in God my Savior.” Everything good about Mary is for Jesus. This is why we can go to her as a mother, trusting that she will not distract us from her Son but lead us to Him. And this is why we can imitate how she completely yielded her life to Him – she only existed to bring Him into this world. And we, too, only exist to love and praise Him here and in eternity.

Advent 3 - Committed to Making Us Holy

 

Homily for Advent 3 – Incarnation Part 3

December 15, 2024

The Clean One

 

            If you are a baseball fan, you may have seen that Juan Soto just signed the largest contract in sports history – 15 years with the Mets for $765 million dollars. Not only is a lot of money, it’s a very long time – so this superstar is going to be with his new team through thick and thin, win or lose.

            He’s (hopefully) going to do everything in his power to make his team better, because he’s with them for the long-haul. That might mean that he has to challenge his team if they’re in a slump, and sacrifice everything for the win. Once you get committed to something for a long period of time, you will do everything in your power to make it the best it could be. That’s not just true for sports teams – it’s true in marriages and families, it’s true in parishes and communities, it’s true in businesses and schools – if you are committed to the group, you’ll do everything possible to make it shine.

            The Incarnation – God becoming man – means that God has “thrown His lot in” with us. He’s committed to the human race now, because He’s one of us. He can never get tired of humanity and say, “Eh, they’re all just too messed up and sinful, so I’m going to start over on some other planet.” No – now that He IS a human being, He’s committed to us, He’s not giving up on us, and from now until eternity He is going to strive to make us the best we can be.

            John the Baptist says some shocking things about Jesus in the Gospel. He will come to baptize with the Holy Spirit and fire? That He will gather wheat into the barn but burn the chaff? And then it says John preached good news to the people? On face value, it seems that repentance, purification, and judgment are NOT good news…but in reality, they are the best news we could ever receive.

            Cleaning things, whether it’s ourselves or our house or our car, can often be a difficult and arduous task – but don’t we feel so much better when we’re clean? After a week on the trail, a hot shower makes you feel like a new person. Washing your car makes you drive with a bit more pep. But it’s not always easy to wash and clean. It takes hard work. It’s an unpleasant task. It takes suffering.

            Hence, John baptizes with a baptism of “repentance”. Jesus’ first words, too, in the Gospels were “repent, the Kingdom of God is at hand.” In fact, the Name “Jesus” means “God Saves” – saves from what? From sin and eternal death! His whole mission is to make us holy as He is holy. Since He’s thrown in His lot with us for eternity, He will do anything to make us saints – including taking flesh and dying on a Cross.

            But it is HE who does it in us. This is why we rejoice this Third Sunday of Advent – because God’s sanctifying grace is available, just for the asking.

            Bishop James Walsh was an American missionary priest to China in the early twentieth century. He ministered in some small villages, saying Mass in tiny chapels in the wilderness. When the local pagans would visit these chapels out of curiosity, Bishop Walsh would show them around and give them a tour, explaining the church. There was one group of visitors who were fascinated by the statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary, and when Bishop Walsh explained that she was the sinless Mother of Jesus, the pagan crowd was in awe. “She must be very special, to be without sin,” they exclaimed, in a hushed reverence. They then moved on to the Confessional, and Bishop Walsh explained that here, Christians could be forgiven of their sins through Confession, and they were even more amazed. “You mean we can become like this holy woman, Mary? We can be sinless like her?” Yes, that’s the radical nature of Christianity – that it is entirely possible to be forgiven. All it takes is repentance, Confession, and turning your life over to Christ.

            So let me ask – do you have anything you wish you could undo? Anything in your life you regret? The bad choices that hurt us and others, the bad habits that enslave us – this is what Jesus Christ has come to free you from.

            Today, right now, repent of all that stuff. Confess your sins, and experience His forgiveness and love. Commit, right here and right now, to following Jesus Christ.

            That’s good news indeed.

Advent 2 - A God With Skin On

 

Homily for Advent 2 – Incarnation Series, Part 2

December 8, 2024

Truly Human, Truly Divine

 

            A father went to help his four-year-old with his bedtime prayers, and after praying, he went to turn out the light. But the boy cried out, “No, don’t leave, I’m scared of the dark and I don’t want to be here alone!”

            The father reassured him, “Yes, but God is always with you, you have nothing to fear.”

            The boy quickly replied, “But I want someone with skin on!”

            The very cornerstone of our Catholic Faith is the Incarnation – that God took on skin, as it were. But did it really happen? Wasn’t that just one of many myths from the ancient world?

            Many ancient cultures had stories of a God-man. For example, Hercules was supposed to be a half-god, half-man. The ancient Arabs had a god named Theandrios, whose name literally means god-man (Theos is God in Greek, and Andros is man). Greek and Roman culture had their Dionysius or Bacchus, which were gods who descended to mankind to give them gifts (usually wine or fertility). There were even legends of several gods who died and then resurrected.

            But the Incarnation of Christ differed from these in several ways. First, most of the myths featured men and women who became gods, not God who became man. In fact, it was an ancient Roman custom to deify a famous or influential person, but they still made the distinction between a “deus” (a god) and a “divus” (a man who has been divinized). Interestingly, the female version of “divus” is “diva”, from which we get the English term for a self-centered female celebrity, who thinks themselves a god!

            Secondly, God-taking-flesh did not benefit Him in the least – it was entirely for our benefit. In all of the other myths, the gods take on flesh for their own benefit. They never do so out of gratuitous love. Maybe they wanted some worship or Adoration, but that was always to boost their own ego. God wants us to worship Him, not because He is an egomaniac, but because He knows it is our happiness to worship Him. He’s willing to take on flesh to allow us to access Him – He is a God with “skin on”.

            But what of all the old myths? Is Christianity just another one of those old mystery religions? CS Lewis had a great line; he said that “Christianity isn’t just God made man, it is also myth made fact.” His point is that all of the myths actually point to a real, historical event. Humans have always had an intuition that God would become man; hence the myths by which pagan cultures told the story. In Jesus, though, the myth has become reality. No longer do we need to wander in the mists of myth; we now have the hard evidence of a place, a time, a Person.

            Luke drives that home in his typical crystal-clear fashion. Most myths begin, “Once upon a time.” But Luke makes it clear that the Incarnation happened in a real historical context. Listen to his words again:

In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar,

when Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea,

and Herod was tetrarch of Galilee,

and his brother Philip tetrarch of the region

of Ituraea and Trachonitis,

and Lysanias was tetrarch of Abilene,

during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas,

the word of God came to John the son of Zechariah in the desert.

            Even the early Church struggled to understand the radical nature of the Incarnation. In the early 200s, there was a heresy floating around called Docetism. This heresy declared that Jesus didn’t really take flesh, but that He was an apparition. If the angels could appear to people with bodies, even though they don’t actually have them, then maybe Jesus could do the same – just appear to have lived in the flesh, when He was really just a mirage.

            But this doesn’t make any sense. It was necessary for Christ to be fully human, for two reasons. First, as St. Gregory of Nazianzen said, “What was not assumed was not redeemed.” In other words, if Jesus didn’t have real human flesh, He could not have redeemed real human flesh. If He didn’t have a human mind, human emotions, and a human will, then He would never have been able to redeem those things. He had to become fully human to redeem all humans.

            But, secondly, He had to become fully human so that we could have the depths of a real relationship with Him. It’s very hard to have a friendship with someone who is much higher than you. I love our Bishop, but when I am with him, I’m always conscious that he is the boss and I’m not. I definitely have to put my best foot forward, lest he assign me to Timbuktu! You may feel the same way with your boss – if he makes decisions on your life, can you really be totally relaxed with him?

            But God wanted to call us no longer servants but friends. Thus He had to lower Himself to our level so that we can truly share the depths of our hearts with Him. Now I can share with Him my joys and sorrows, my weaknesses and my hopes, because He knows what it is to experience human joy and sorrow. I know that He, too, was weak, and that He experienced human love and suffering.

            So, do you see Jesus as a close friend? He is indeed Lord, but He took on flesh so He could also be a friend. And with every good friend, He desperately wants to spend time with you. This Advent, amidst the hectic insanity, why not take some time to be with Him? Come to Adoration, pray the Rosary, spend time in daily prayer. He is not a distant God, but one Who has taken flesh in history, and continues to stay with us in the present through the Holy Eucharist.

            We all want to have a God “with skin on”. In the manger, on the Cross, in the Eucharist, we have found such a God.